Henri Cartier-Bresson

Henri Cartier-Bresson (August 22, 1908 – August 3, 2004) was a French photographer considered to be the father of modern photojournalism. He was an early adopter of 35 mm format, and the master of candid photography. He helped develop the "street photography" or "real life reportage" style that has influenced generations of photographers who followed.

Robert Capa

Hungarian combat photographer covered five different wars: the Spanish Civil War, the Second Sino-Japanese War, World War II
His action photographs, such as those taken during the 1944 Normandy invasion, portray the violence of war with unique impact
 Capa co-founded Magnum Photos
The organization was the first cooperativeagency for worldwide freelance photographers.

Daguerre

Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre

Daguerre was born in Cormeilles-en-Parisis, Val-d'Oise, France. He apprenticed in architecture, theater design, and panoramic painting. Exceedingly adept at his skill for theatrical illusion, he became a celebrated designer for the theater and later came to invent the Diorama, which opened in Paris in July 1822.
Louis Daguerre regularly used a camera obscura as an aid to painting in perspective, and this led him think about ways to keep the image still. In 1826, he discovered the work of Joseph Niepce, and in 1829 began a partnership with him.
http://inventors.about.com/od/dstartinventions/a/Daguerreotype.htm 8/26/10

Talbot

William Henry Fox Talbot

William Henry Fox Talbot was a British inventor, born on February 11, 1800 and died on September 17, 1877. He was the inventor of calotype process, the precursor to most photographic processes of the 19th and 20th centuries. He was also a noted photographer who made major contributions to the development of photography as an artistic medium. His work in the 1840s on photo-mechanical reproduction led to the creation of the photoglyphic engraving process, the precursor to photogravure. Talbot is also remembered as the holder of a patent which, some say, affected the early development of commercial photography in Britain. Additionally, he made some important early photographs of Oxford, Paris, and York.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Fox_Talbot 8/30/10

Bayard

Hippolyte Bayard

Hippolyte Bayard (20 January 1807 – 14 May 1887) was one of the earliest photographers in the history of photography, inventing his own photography process known as direct positive printing and presenting the world's first public exhibition of photographs on 24 June 1839.
he direct positive process involved exposing silver chloride paper to light, which turned the paper completely black. It was then soaked in potassium iodide before being exposed in a camera. After the exposure, it was washed in a bath of hyposulfite of soda and dried. The resulting image was a unique photograph that could not be reproduced. Due to the paper's poor light sensitivity, an exposure of approximately twelve minutes was required. Using this method of photography, still subject matter, such as buildings, were favored. When used for photographing people, sitters were told to close their eyes so as to eliminate the eerie, "dead" quality produced due to blinking and moving one's eyes during such a long exposure.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippolyte_Bayard 9/1/10

Nadar

Nadar

Félix Nadar was the pseudonym of Gaspard-Félix Tournachon (6 April 1820 – 21 March 1910), a French photographer, caricaturist, journalist, novelist and balloonist. Some photographs by Nadar are marked "P. Nadar" for "Photographie Nadar"
Around 1863, Nadar built a huge (6000 m³) balloon named Le Géant ("The Giant"), thereby inspiring Jules Verne's Five Weeks in a Balloon. The "Géant" project was unsuccessful and convinced him that the future belonged toheavier-than-air machines. Afterwards "The Society for the Encouragement of Aerial Locomotion by Means of Heavier than Air Machines" was established, with Nadar as president and Verne as secretary. Nadar was also the inspiration for the character of Michael Ardan in Verne's From the Earth to the Moon.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadar_(artist) 9/3/10

Alternative Developing

Cyanotype-The cyanotype, also known as a blueprint, is considered among the easiest of all the historical methods. Dating from 1842, this classic Prussian blue process is a great place for both beginners and accomplished artists alike to explore. Cyanotypes are economical, permanent, have few pitfalls, and are versatile in that a variety of toning effects are possible.

Potassium ferricyanide and Ammonium 

Anthotype Photography-A fun and easy way to make images using the juice from fruits, plants, flowers, and vegetables as both sensitizer and pigment! Practiced by Sir William Herschel beginning in the 1840’s, this method is very suited to photograms. Although anthotype prints are novel and unique, permanence of the image depends upon your choice of organic extract.
It's made by putting red wine on some paper, letting it dry then putting an negative or something (in this case a leaf) on top with glass to hold it down. Then leaving somewhere sunny for anything from 1 week to 5 weeks (I did about 10 days).
It can be done with all sorts of plant extracts e.g. spinach, nettles, poppies etc.Gum Tricolor-The cyanotype, also known as a blueprint, is considered among the easiest of all the historical methods. Dating from 1842, this classic Prussian blue process is a great place for both beginners and accomplished artists alike to explore. Cyanotypes are economical, permanent, have few pitfalls, and are versatile in that a variety of toning effects are possible.
Ammonium Dichromate,  Gum Arabic Powder,  Gelatin Sizing
Infrared-Working with reflected light in the long, infrared wave range can produce images of unexpected results with surreal visual effects. Infrared photographs have a spectacular glow and luminance, where highlights are usually diffused and contrast can be pronounced.
 with standard black-and-white film developers and chemicals (like D-76)
Mordancage-Also known as etch-bleach process, this rare and slightly esoteric process physically manipulates the silver gelatin print through acid bleaching, rubbing, and lifts. Images appear dreamlike, far removed from reality.

An acid copper bleaching solu- tion is used to bleach and dissolve away parts of the silver image